# Hostpath volume in Kubernetes

> After reading this post you will be understanding the purpose of Kubernetes HostPath volume, and how we can implement it in our environment

>  If you have not yet checked the previous parts of this series, please go ahead and check this  👉 [Link](https://blog.cloudnloud.com/series/kubernetes-deep-dive)


# Kubernetes Hostpath 
Hostpath is one of the supported volume types in the Kubernetes Cluster, it is a file or directory from the nodes file system into the pod. Hostpath will mount a directory, which is present on the node and mounted inside the container 

A hostPath Persistent Volume must be used only in a single-node cluster

Kubernetes will support hostpath in the multimode cluster, if you create a deployment set using the hostpath the container will create and  start but the data will not sync in each container running in multiple hosts

A host path is a type of persistent volume this will mount a file or directory from the host node’s filesystem into your pod.

**Advantages**
We can use the node-local file system as persistent volume storage.
It is very useful for testing or development purposes.
It can be referenced by Persistent Volume Claim or we can directly use it in the pod YAML file.


![Shyju-Kubernetes (2).png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1659101328221/M_uzpu1eF.png align="left")

**HostPath Configuration Steps **
1. Creating the directory on a particular Host
2. PV Creation (Persistent Volume )
3. PVC Creation (Persistent volume claim)
4. Creating the pod with specified PVC

**Login to the Worker node and create the directory **

```
controlplane $ ssh node01 
Last login: Fri Jul 29 11:10:25 2022 from 10.244.6.167
node01 $ mkdir /mnt/data/
node01 $ 
``` 
**PV creation **
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: task-pv-volume
  labels:
    type: local
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  capacity:
    storage: 10Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  hostPath:
    path: "/mnt/data"
```
**Creating the PV**
```
controlplane $ kubectl create -f pv.yaml 
persistentvolume/task-pv-volume created
```
**PV list **
```
controlplane $ kubectl get pv
NAME             CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS      CLAIM   STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO            Retain           Available           manual                  28s
controlplane $ 
```
**PVC  Creation **
```
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: task-pv-claim
spec:
  storageClassName: manual
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi
```
**Ceating the PVC **
```
controlplane $ kubectl create -f pvc.yaml 
persistentvolumeclaim/task-pv-claim created
```
```
controlplane $ kubectl get pvc
NAME            STATUS   VOLUME           CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
task-pv-claim   Bound    task-pv-volume   10Gi       RWO            manual         25s
```
**POD creation **
 ```
piVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: task-pv-pod
spec:
  volumes:
    - name: task-pv-storage
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: task-pv-claim
  containers:
    - name: task-pv-container
      image: httpd
      ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: "http-server"
      volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: "/var/www/html"
          name: task-pv-storage

```

```
controlplane $ kubectl create -f pod.yaml 
pod/task-pv-pod created
``` 

```
controlplane $ kubectl get pod
NAME          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
task-pv-pod   1/1     Running   0          7s
``` 
Testing 

```
controlplane $ kubectl exec -it task-pv-pod bash
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
root@task-pv-pod:/usr/local/apache2# cd /var/www/html/
root@task-pv-pod:/var/www/html# 
root@task-pv-pod:/var/www/html# touch index.html
root@task-pv-pod:/var/www/html# cat > index.html 
Welcome
^C
root@task-pv-pod:/var/www/html# 
``` 

Login to the worker node and verify the data

```
controlplane $ ssh node01
Last login: Fri Oct  8 17:04:36 2021 from 10.32.0.22
node01 $ cd /mnt/data/
node01 $ cat index.html 
Welcome
node01 $ 
``` 
Pod creation in multiple node 
```
piVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
    app: test
  name: test
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: test
  strategy: {}
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        app: test
    spec:
      volumes:
        - name: task-pv-storage
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: task-pv-claim
      containers:
        - name: task-pv-container
          image: httpd
          ports:
          - containerPort: 80
            name: "http-server"
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: "/var/www/html"
```

```
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h   1/1     Running   0          14m   192.168.1.5   node01         <none>           <none>
test-9b85b8fbc-rvn2c   1/1     Running   0          14m   192.168.1.4   node01         <none>           <none>
test-9b85b8fbc-zlbb4   1/1     Running   0          14m   192.168.0.6   controlplane   <none>           <none>
```
**login to the first node it is running in the node01 and create one file **
```
controlplane $ kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h   1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.1.5   node01         <none>           <none>
test-9b85b8fbc-rvn2c   1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.1.4   node01         <none>           <none>
test-9b85b8fbc-zlbb4   1/1     Running   0          15m   192.168.0.6   controlplane   <none>           <none>
controlplane $ kubectl exec -it test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h bash 
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
root@test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h:/usr/local/apache2# cd /var/www/html/
root@test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h:/var/www/html# ls
root@test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h:/var/www/html# touch inde.html
root@test-9b85b8fbc-q6p9h:/var/www/html# exit
```
**login to the container which is running in the control plane and check the data which created the index.html file **
```
controlplane $ kubectl exec -it test-9b85b8fbc-zlbb4 bash 
kubectl exec [POD] [COMMAND] is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl exec [POD] -- [COMMAND] instead.
root@test-9b85b8fbc-zlbb4:/usr/local/apache2# cd /var/www/html/
root@test-9b85b8fbc-zlbb4:/var/www/html# ls
root@test-9b85b8fbc-zlbb4:/var/www/html# 
```
index.html file is not available inside the container which is running in the control plane node

**conclusion:** if you want the same data in each container within the  deployment set  we need a common disk space 

Example: NFS,ceph storage, etc..

Hope you have got an idea about Kubernetes Hostpath and how to mount the HostPath inside the Pod

Happy Learning 📚

Thank you!